%0 Article
%T An application of process-based modelling to the development of branchiness in Scots pine.
%A Mäkelä, Annikki
%A Ikonen, Veli-Pekka
%A Vanninen, Petteri
%D 1997
%J Silva Fennica
%V 31
%N 3
%R doi:10.14214/sf.a8534
%U https://silvafennica.fi/article/5632
%X <p>A process-oriented tree and stand growth model is extended to be applicable to the analysis of timber quality, and how it is influenced by silvicultural treatments. The tree-level model is based on the carbon balance and it incorporates the dynamics of five biomass variables as well as tree height, crown base, and breast height diameter. Allocation of carbon is based on the conservation of structural relationships, in particular, the pipe model. The pipe-model relationships are extended to the whorl level, but in order to avoid a 3-dimensional model of entire crown structure, the branch module is largely stochastic and aggregated. In model construction, a top-down hierarchy is used where at each step down, the upper level sets constraints for the lower level. Some advantages of this approach are model consistency and efficiency of calculations, but probably at the cost of reduced flexibility. The detailed structure related with the branching module is preliminary and will be improved when more data becomes available. Model parameters are identified for Scots pine (<em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.) in Southern Finland, and example simulations are carried out to compare the development of quality characteristics in different stocking densities.</p>