Table 1. The origin of the studied Canadian provenances of lodgepole pine (WGS84). NA – not available.
Provenance Latitude (N) Longitude (W) Altitude, m N of trials Measurement age
Babine Lake 54°24´ 125°30´ 1000 2 10, 11, 12, 13, 24, 29
Beaton River 56°50´ 121°22´ 800 1 17
Buick Creek 56°52´ 121°30´ 850 2 16, 17
Cassior 58°50´ 129°25´ 900 2 16, 17
Cecil Lake 56°25´ 120°00´ 700 3 16, 22
Dease Lake 58°15´ 130°10´ 850 2 16, 17
Ethel Lake 63°20´ NA 900 1 16
Falkland 50°32´ 119°40´ 1300 4 12, 16, 22
Fly Hilla 50°40´ 119°29´ 1100 2 10, 11, 12, 13, 24, 29
Fort Nelson 58°38´ 122°41´ 500 2 7, 9, 24, 25
Fort St. James 54°30´ 124°10´ 900 5 12, 16, 18, 22
Francis Lake 61°10´ 129°27´ 950 1 16
Halfway River 56°32´ 122°15´ 900 1 17
Hazelton 55°30´ NA 600 1 16
Hudson Hope 56°03´ 121°47´ 650 1 22
Jackfish Lake 63°00´ NA 650 1 16
Lac La Hache 51°54´ 121°27´ 1050 2 10, 11, 12, 13, 24, 29
Lac le Jeune 50°29´ 120°29´ 1250 5 12, 16, 18, 22
Lacobie Creek 52°30´ 122°00´ 1000 2 10, 11, 12, 13, 24, 29
Little Salmon 62°10´ NA 700 1 16
Mackensia 58°50´ 129°25´ 900 1 17
Moberly Lake 55°40´ 121°25´ 750 5 12, 16, 22
Monashee 50°08´ 118°30´ 950 4 12, 16, 22
Muskey Lake 55°30´ NA 900 3 16, 22
Nation River 55°15´ 124°10´ 550 3 10, 11, 12, 13, 18, 24, 29
Nordegg 52°20´ 116°25´ 1400 4 12, 16, 22
Pink Mountain 57°00´ 122°30´ 850 8 7, 9, 12, 16, 17, 22, 24, 25
Rocky Mountain House 52°37´ 115°20´ 1000 3 12, 22
Smithers 54°15´ 127°00´ 650 5 12, 16, 18, 22
Summit Lake 54°24´ 122°37´ 800 2 7, 9, 24, 25
Teslin, Yukon 60°15´ 132°50´ 750 4 12, 16, 22
Tungsten 61°00´ 128°50´ 1050 1 16
Upper Liard Rivers 60°10´ 128°50´ 700 2 10, 11, 12, 13, 24, 29
Valemount 53°00´ 119°00´ 850 5 16, 22, 23
Watson Lake 60°05´ 128°37´ 700 2 10, 11, 12, 13, 24, 29
Wonowon 56°36´ 121°36´ 850 3 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 24, 29
Table 2. Variance of random effects of provenance, provenance-by-trial, trial, and replication for the studied traits.
Provenance Provenance × trial Trial Replication Residual variance
Variance St. error p-values Variance St. error p-values Variance St. error p-values Variance St. error p-values
Continuous (z-scores)
Tree height 6.85 2.62 <0.01 6.14 2.48 <0.01 - - - 8.98 2.99 <0.01 52.66
Stem
diameter 		3.67 1.92 <0.01 2.42 1.56 <0.01 - - - 4.05 2.01 <0.01 62.17
Diameter of the thickest branch <0.01 <0.01 0.99 0.31 0.55 0.26 - - - 1.21 1.10 <0.01 53.52
Binomial
Probability of spike knots 0.01 0.10 0.54 0.04 0.18 <0.01 4.28 2.07 <0.01 0.06 0.24 <0.01 -
Probability of wildlife damages 0.12 0.35 0.01 0.02 0.13 0.54 7.20 2.68 <0.01 0.55 0.74 <0.01 -
Survival
(29 year) 		<0.01 0.06 0.88 0.10 0.24 0.04 1.85 1.36 <0.01 <0.01 0.03 0.94 -
Multinomial
Stem straightness <0.01 0.02 0.54 <0.01 <0.01 0.99 <0.01 0.08 0.02 0.01 0.07 <0.01 -
1

Fig. 1. Predicted tree height, stem diameter at breast height, probability of spike knots, and ungulate damage of the studied lodgepole pine provenances in Latvia according to their origin (longitude, latitude, and altitude). Note that the Y axis differs among the panels.