Fig. 1. Actors connected to structures of housing provision (SHP) with potential to affect WMC market development. View larger in new window/tab.
Fig. 2. Literature review process applied in the study (see PRISMA-method, e.g., Moher et al. 2019).
Fig. 3. Studies included in the literature review by publication year (total of 42 articles).
| Table 1. Categorization of the literature for themes of enablers (E) and barriers (B) for the WMC market development in connection production and consumption spheres within structures of housing provision. View in new window/tab. |
| Table 2. Categorization of the themes of enabling factors for the WMC market development in connection to production sphere within structures of housing provision. | ||
| Themes of production sphere enablers | Key role actors | Literature |
| Sustainability in building | ||
| Low environmental impact; Aesthetic appeal; Carbon storage; Structural durability | Architects; Element manufacturers | Hynynen 2016; Hemstrom et al 2011; Mallo and Espinoza 2015; Roos et al. 2010; Markstrom et al. 2018; Markström et al. 2019; Tykkä et al. 2010; Lindgren and Emmitt 2017 |
| System development | ||
| Standardization; Industrialized production, Productivity; Technological development (e.g., IT tools); Low costs; Flexibility; Rapid construction | Construction companies; Element manufacturers | Sandberg et al.2008; Björnfot and Stehn 2007; Brege et al. 2014; Pelli and Lähtinen 2020; Peters et al. 2020; Stehn and Bergström 2002; Gosselin et al. 2018; Hurmekoski et al. 2015; Mahapatra amd Gustavsson 2008; Riala and Ilola 2014; Mahapatra et al. 2012; Roos et al. 2010; Markstrom et al. 2018; Markström et al. 2019; Tykkä et al. 2010; Persson et al. 2009; Franzini et al. 2018 |
| Innovations | ||
| New construction technologies; Prefabrication; Product innovations (e.g. CLT); System innovation (e.g. collaboration and integration of new solutions); Research collaboration | Construction companies; Engineers | Hynynen 2016; Riggio et al. 2020; Peters et al. 2020; Jones et al. 2018; Gosselin et al.2018; Nordin et al. 2010; Riala and Ilola 2014; Tykkä et al. 2010; Brege et al. 2014 |
| Business collaboration | ||
| Collaboration and co-operation between stakeholders; Communication and relationships in network | Product manufacturers; Engineers; Architects | Riggio et al. 2020; Gosselin et al. 2018; Toppinen et al. 2019a; Toppinen et al. 2019b |
| Stakeholder awareness | ||
| High level of awareness of wood building systems and construction materials; Positive knowledge and experiences on use of wood; Promotional activities; Role of intermediaries; Resonance; Education and vocational training; Sustainability aspects (e.g., for marketing and branding) | Construction companies; Other stakeholders | Peters et al. 2020; Stern et al. 2018; Jones et al. 2018; Gosselin et al. 2018; Hurmekoski et al. 2015; Vihemäki et al. 2020; Bysheim and Nyrud 2009; Mahapatra et al. 2012; Hemström et al. 2017; Markström et al. 2019; Toppinen et al. 2019b |
| Institutional changes | ||
| Policy measures and institutional frameworks; Law and regulation changes (e.g., Fire regulations, building regulations); Changes in building codes; Governmental support programs | Policymakers; Product manufacturers | Hynynen 2016; Peters et al. 2020; Hurmekoski et al. 2015; Hurmekoski et al. 2018; Vihemäki et al. 2019; Toppinen et al. 2018; Mahapatra et al. 2012; Tykkä et al. 2010; Lazarevic et al. 2020 |
| Urban planning | ||
| Improved transparency in the land allocation activity; Supporting local industries; Using locally sourced materials | Building developers; Municipal decision makers | Lindblad 2020; Franzini et al. 2018 |
| Table 3. Categorization of the themes of barriers for WMC market development in production sphere within structures of housing provision. | ||
| Themes of production sphere barriers | Key role actors | Literature |
| System development | ||
| Lock in effects: Path dependency (e.g., in concrete); Risk avoidance; High costs; Material availability; Lack of experience & education; Technical focus on construction | Construction companies; Architects | Jones et al. 2016: Mahapatra K., Gustavsson L. 2008; Hemström et al. 2017; Lazarevic et al. 2020; Nordin et al. 2010; Riala and Ilola 2014; Hurmekoski et al. 2018; Bysheim and Nyrud 2009; Tykkä et al. 2010; Mahapatra et al. 2012; Riggio et al. 2020; Mallo and Espinoza 2015; Hemström et al. 2011; Roos et al. 2010; Gosselin et al. 2018; Hurmekoski et al. 2015; Franzini et al. 2018; Hynynen 2016; Stehn et al. 2002 |
| Innovations | ||
| Inability to adapt changes; Recognition and tradition; Lack of requisites for efficient information management skills | Wood element manufacturers; Developers | Pelli and Lähtinen 2020; Lindgren and Emmitt 2017; Persson et al. 2009; Sandberg et al. 2008 |
| Business collaboration | ||
| Competitiveness of WMC (especially technical infrastructure); Multi-party environment, loose-couplings (lack of stable partnerships & collaboration); Limited number of industry actors; Mismatch in influence and material preferences among stakeholders; Conflict of interest; Lack of collaboration / co-operation; Fierce competition | Developers; Project actors; Other stakeholders | Toppinen et al. 2019a; Riggio et al. 2020; Franzini et al. 2018; Markström et al. 2019; Toppinen et al. 2019b; Hynynen 2016 |
| Stakeholder awareness | ||
| Lack of knowledge & information; Negative perceptions of product features (e.g., Fire performance, water control, durability concerns); Inadequate information distribution; Negative experience of wood products | Architects; Engineers; Construction companies; Municipal civil servants | Riala and Ilola 2014; Mahapatra et al. 2012; Riggio et al. 2020; Mallo and Espinoza 2015; Roos et al. 2010; Markström et al. 2018; Franzini et al. 2018; Markström et al. 2019 |
| Institutional changes | ||
| Institutional framework, lock-ins; Inefficient policy measures & processes; Building code compatibility | Municipal civil servants; Architects; Wooden building material producers | Lazarevic et al. 2020; Mallo and Espinoza 2015; Hemström et al. 2011; Gosselin et al. 2018; Vihemäki et al. 2020; Vihemäki et al. 2019; Franzini et al. 2018 |
| Urban planning | ||
| Discrepancies in perception of the land allocation process; Insufficient procurement processes for municipalities; Level of competence displayed by municipalities | Municipalities; Developers | Lindblad 2020; Lindblad 2021 |
| Market demand | ||
| Immature market, lack of pull effect, lack of consumer demand | Element manufacturers; Architects; Consumers | Brege et al. 2014; Hemström et al. 2011 |
| Table 4. Categorization of the themes of enabling factors for WMC market development in connection with consumption sphere within structures of housing provision. | ||
| Themes of consumption sphere enablers | Key role actors | Literature |
| Sustainability in building | ||
| Ecological, environmental values, natural material; Technical sustainability (e.g., usability and durability); Social sustainability (e.g., healthy, comfort, aesthetic) | Consumers, End users | Lähtinen et al. 2019b; Viholainen et al. 2020; Kylkilahti et al. 2020; Mahapatra et al. 2012; Høibø et al. 2015 |
| Stakeholder awareness | ||
| Ecological awareness | Consumers, End users | Kylkilahti et al. 2020 |
| Table 5. Categorization of the themes of barriers for WMC market development in connection with consumption sphere within structures of housing provision. | ||
| Themes of consumption sphere barriers | Key role actors | Literature |
| Sustainability in building | ||
| Product features: Durability, robustness, stability, fire safety, acoustics; Higher maintenance; Resale value (UK) | Consumers; End users | Viholainen et al. 2020; Mahapatra et al. 2012 |
| Stakeholder awareness | ||
| Lack of awareness among end users; Prejudice against wood (material concerns, fire, moisture etc); Limited knowledge about building materials | Consumers; End users | Høibø et al. 2015; Lähtinen et al. 2019b; Stern et al. 2018; Toppinen et al. 2018 |
| Urban planning | ||
| (City) building material traditions | Consumers | Høibø et al. 2015 and 2018 |
| Market demand | ||
| Immature market, lack of pull effect; Lack of consumer demand | Consumers | Brege et al. 2014; Hynynen 2016; Hemström et al. 2011 |
Fig. 4. Existing research information on the themes connected to the structures of housing provision. Enabling factors are denoted in the figure with blue, and barriers with red. Missing circles in exchange and consumption sphere illustrate lack of research information on those issues at the moment. View larger in new window/tab.