Fig. 1. The 1937 map of Malus sylvetris in Vessers Udde, southern Sweden (Julin 1948). The open, somewhat non-circular areas are tree canopy projections. The point is the stem of individuals tree, with the size of the points being proportional to dbh. View larger in new window/tab.
| Table 1. Populations density (number ha–1) of smaller tree and shrub species in Vessers Udde (southern Sweden) at different points in time, and estimated annual mortality (percentage year–1). | |||||
| 1937 | 1978–1979 | 2023 | Loss since 1937 | Annual mortality | |
| SMALL TREES | |||||
| Malus sylvestris | 36.8 | 27.8 | 7.0 | 81.0% | 1.91% |
| Crataegus spp. | 21.9 | 7.6 | 65.3% | ||
| Prunus avium | 0 | 1.2 | 0.3 | ||
| Rhamnus cathartica | 3.2 | 0 | 0 | 100% | |
| SHRUBS | |||||
| Juniperus communis | 77.8 | 4.7 | 94.0% | 2.63% | |
| Berberis vulgaris | 0.9 | 0 | 100% | ||
| Ribes alpinum | 21.9 | 9.4 | 57.3% | ||
| Ribes spicatum | 0.6 | 0 | 100% | ||
| Ribes uva-crispa | 0.3 | 0 | 100% | ||
| Rosa spp. | 24.3 | 2.0 | 91.6% | ||
| TOTAL | 187.7 | 31.0 | 83.5% | ||
| Table 2. Canopy cover (m2 ha–1) of small tree and shrub species in Vessers udde (southern Sweden) at two points in time; and basal area of Malus sylvestris (m2 ha–1) | ||||
| 1937 | 1978–1979 | 2023 | Loss since 1937 | |
| BASAL AREA | ||||
| Malus sylvestris | 0.26 | 0.14 | 0.10 | 61.5% |
| SMALL TREES | ||||
| Malus sylvestris | 172.6 | 142.6 | 17.4% | |
| Crataegus spp. | 50.2 | 34.1 | 32.1% | |
| Prunus avium | 0.0 | 5.8 | ||
| Rhamnus cathartica | 12.4 | 0 | 100% | |
| SHRUBS | ||||
| Berberis vulgaris | 1.9 | 0 | 100% | |
| Ribes alpinum | 40.0 | 12.4 | 69.0% | |
| Ribes spicatum | 1.0 | 0 | 100% | |
| Rosa spp. | 42.9 | 6.2 | 85.7% | |
| Ribes uva-crispa | 0.7 | 0 | 100% | |
| TOTAL | 321.6 | 201.0 | 37.5% | |