Table 1. Number of collected galls, number of necrotic galls and number of insects died as larval stage, pupa or adult within the necrotic galls and percentage of empty chambers from each collecting date in both chestnuts (C4 and C5). | ||||||||||||||
Number of collected galls | Number of necrotic galls | Nº of insect died inside the necrotic galls of chestnut C4 | Nº of insects died inside the necrotic galls of chestnut C5 | % of empty chambers in the necrotic galls | ||||||||||
Date | C4 | C5 | C4 | C5 | Larva | Pupa | Adult | Total | Larva | Pupa | Adult | Total | C4 | C5 |
09-Jul-14 | 52 | 54 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 55.6 | 66.7 |
23-Jul-14 | 35 | 21 | 9 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 66.7 | 50.0 |
7-Aug-14 | 47 | 26 | 12 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 91.7 | 80.0 |
22-Aug-14 | 67 | 25 | 12 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 100.0 | 81.8 |
12-Sept-14 | 43 | 35 | 13 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 100.0 | 91.7 |
29-Sep-14 | 44 | 28 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | - | 93.3 |
Total | 288 | 189 | 64 | 55 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 10 |
Table 2. Fungal species isolated from the morphotypes of the necrotic galls. | ||||
Sample | Month | Tissue | Fungal taxa | Accession number |
1 | July | Necrotic gall | Pestalotiopsis sp. | KU095868 |
2 | July | Necrotic gall | Epicoccum nigrum | KU095869 |
3 | July | Necrotic gall | Epicoccum nigrum | KU095870 |
4 | July | Necrotic gall | Penicillium ramulosum | KU095871 |
5 | July | Necrotic gall | Epicoccum nigrum | KU095872 |
6 | August | Necrotic gall | Epicoccum nigrum | KU095873 |
7 | September | Necrotic gall | Epicoccum nigrum | KU095874 |
8 | September | Necrotic gall | Fusarium oxysporum | KU095875 |
9 | September | Necrotic gall | Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi | KU095876 |
10 | September | Necrotic gall | Fusarium avenaceum | KU095877 |
11 | September | Necrotic gall | Fusarium sp. | KU095878 |
Table 3. Relative abundance for each morphotype among the isolated cultures. | |||
Morphotypes | Fungal taxa | Nº of isolates | Relative abundance |
1 | Pestalotiopsis sp. | 1 | 0.008 |
2 | Epicoccum nigrum | 1 | 0.008 |
3 | Epicoccum sp. | 18 | 0.144 |
4 | Penicillium ramulosum | 2 | 0.016 |
5 | Epicoccum nigrum | 9 | 0.072 |
6 | Epicoccum nigrum | 8 | 0.064 |
7 | Epicoccum nigrum | 12 | 0.096 |
8 | Fusarium oxysporum | 11 | 0.088 |
9 | Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi | 25 | 0.20 |
10 | Fusarium avenaceum | 24 | 0.192 |
11 | Fusarium sp. | 14 | 0.112 |