Lauri Kärenlampi 
,
Andrew J. Friedland
Cytopathological and external observations on red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) needles damaged in winter in Vermont.
Kärenlampi L., Friedland A. J. (1988). Cytopathological and external observations on red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) needles damaged in winter in Vermont. Silva Fennica vol. 22 no. 3 article id 5358. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a15515
Abstract
The red spruce (Picea rubens sarg.) population in the Green Mountains in Vermont has showed foliar deterioration that has not been fully explained. The most characteristic needle injuries of the sensitive trees appear in late winter when the first-year needles turn brown. The cytopathological and external observations on the symptoms support the interpretation that winter stress triggers the damage. It is possible that some anthropogenic stress factors (components of acid deposition or ozone) and/or natural factors predispose the trees to the damage.
The PDF includes an abstract in Finnish.
Keywords
Picea rubens;
symptoms;
United States;
air pollution;
cold tolerance;
conifer needles;
winter stress
Published in 1988
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Available at https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a15515 | Download PDF
