Full text of this article is only available in PDF format.

T. Raunemaa (email), A. Hautojärvi, P. Jartti, J. Laurén, V. Lindfors, J. Räisänen

Trace element analysis of sound and decayed Norway spruce (Picea abies) by XRF and NAA methods.

Raunemaa T., Hautojärvi A., Jartti P., Laurén J., Lindfors V., Räisänen J. (1979). Trace element analysis of sound and decayed Norway spruce (Picea abies) by XRF and NAA methods. Silva Fennica vol. 13 no. 1 article id 5017. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14871

Abstract

Ashed tree samples from sound and decayed Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) were studied by means of fast neutron activation analysis, and for comparison, also by X-ray fluorescence analysis. In fast neutron activation analysis, the following elements were detected: (Na), Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Mn, Rb, Sr and Ba, and according to the results of the X-ray fluorescence method the elements present in the wood samples were: K, Ca, Mn, Rb, Sr and Ba. A general diminishing was revealed by both methods in most elemental concentrations studied, with exception of K and Rb, when going from a sound tree to a decayed one. The use of the ratio of the amounts of potassium to calcium as an indication of the degree of decay is therefore proposed.

The PDF includes a summary in Finnish.

Keywords
Norway spruce; Picea abies; wood; decay; measuring methods; trace elements; of fast neutron activation analysis; by X-ray fluorescence analysis

Published in 1979

Views 4525

Available at https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14871 | Download PDF

Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 4.0

Register
Click this link to register to Silva Fennica.
Log in
If you are a registered user, log in to save your selected articles for later access.
Contents alert
Sign up to receive alerts of new content

Your selected articles
Your search results
Hökkä H., Alenius V. et al. (1997) Individual-tree basal area growth models for Sco.. Silva Fennica vol. 31 no. 2 article id 5616
Maltamo M., (1997) Comparing basal area diameter distributions esti.. Silva Fennica vol. 31 no. 1 article id 5609
Kuuluvainen T., Leinonen K. et al. (1996) Statistical opportunities for comparing stand st.. Silva Fennica vol. 30 no. 2–3 article id 5598
Skre O., Nes K. (1996) Combined effects of elevated winter temperatures.. Silva Fennica vol. 30 no. 2–3 article id 5581
Vettenranta J., (1996) Effect of species composition on economic return.. Silva Fennica vol. 30 no. 1 article id 5574
Lindgren K., Lindgren D. (1996) Germinability of Norway spruce and Scots pine po.. Silva Fennica vol. 30 no. 1 article id 5571
Jokinen K. J., Durzan D. J. (1994) Properties of rescued embryonal suspensor masses.. Silva Fennica vol. 28 no. 2 article id 5400
Koistinen E., Valkonen S. (1993) Models for height development of Norway spruce a.. Silva Fennica vol. 27 no. 3 article id 5510
Pulkkinen P., (1993) Frost hardiness development and lignification of.. Silva Fennica vol. 27 no. 1 article id 5497
Kolström T., (1991) Results from the sowing and planting experiment .. Silva Fennica vol. 25 no. 2 article id 5445
Nygren M., (1990) Variation in the seed mass of Scots pine and Nor.. Silva Fennica vol. 24 no. 1 article id 5410
Hänninen H., Pelkonen P. (1988) Effects of temperature on dormancy release in No.. Silva Fennica vol. 22 no. 3 article id 5357
Pukkala T., (1987) Effect of seed production on the annual growth o.. Silva Fennica vol. 21 no. 2 article id 5312
Pukkala T., (1987) Model for predicting the seed crop of Picea abie.. Silva Fennica vol. 21 no. 2 article id 5311
Kärkkäinen M., (1986) Value relations of Scots pine and Norway spruce .. Silva Fennica vol. 20 no. 2 article id 5267
Kärkkäinen M., (1986) Model of knottiness of wood material in pine, sp.. Silva Fennica vol. 20 no. 2 article id 5266
Westman C. J., Leikola M. et al. (1985) The effect of large-scale nitrogen fertilization.. Silva Fennica vol. 19 no. 4 article id 5253
Kärkkäinen M., (1985) Norway spruce wood grown in Finland compared wit.. Silva Fennica vol. 19 no. 2 article id 5238
Heikurainen L., (1985) The influence of birch nurse crop (Betula pubesc.. Silva Fennica vol. 19 no. 1 article id 5233
Saranpää P., (1983) The influence of basic density and growth ring w.. Silva Fennica vol. 17 no. 4 article id 5199
Kärkkäinen M., Dumell O. (1983) Effect of basic density and growth ring width on.. Silva Fennica vol. 17 no. 2 article id 5181
Greis I., Kellomäki S. (1981) Crown structure and stem growth of Norway spruce.. Silva Fennica vol. 15 no. 3 article id 5125
Luukkanen O., Johansson S. (1980) Flower induction by exogenous plant hormones in .. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 1 article id 5070
Mikola J., (1980) The effect of seed size and duration of growth o.. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 1 article id 5069
Velling P., (1980) Variation in the density of wood of different Sc.. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 1 article id 5063
Tuimala A., (1979) Changes in timber assortments and loss in stumpa.. Silva Fennica vol. 13 no. 4 article id 5051
Lehtiniemi T., (1977) Factors affecting gamma-irradiation sensitivity .. Silva Fennica vol. 11 no. 1 article id 4963
Kapustinskaité T., (1975) Ash content of peatland soils and stand growth i.. Silva Fennica vol. 9 no. 3 article id 4924
Luukkanen O., (1973) Observations on CO2 exchange in open pollinated .. Silva Fennica vol. 7 no. 4 article id 4888
Kärkkäinen M., (1972) The proportion of heartwood in Norway spruce (Pi.. Silva Fennica vol. 6 no. 3 article id 4872
Hari P., Lehtiniemi T. (1972) The effect of temperature and moisture on germin.. Silva Fennica vol. 6 no. 2 article id 4866
Pohtila E., (1972) Effect of fine-grounded copper rock phosphate pl.. Silva Fennica vol. 6 no. 1 article id 4859
Kozubov G. M., (1971) Electron microscopic studies in the development .. Silva Fennica vol. 5 no. 4 article id 4854
Luukkanen O., Räsänen P. K. et al. (1971) The use of needle colour in predicting growth an.. Silva Fennica vol. 5 no. 4 article id 4853
Kärkkäinen M., (1971) Decay following logging injury in stems and root.. Silva Fennica vol. 5 no. 3 article id 4848
Mannerkoski H., (1971) Effect of fertilization on the initial developme.. Silva Fennica vol. 5 no. 2 article id 4841
Solin P., (1970) Cold storage of Norway spruce cones and its effe.. Silva Fennica vol. 4 no. 1 article id 4810
Löyttyniemi K., (1969) The effect of treatment of Scots pine and Norway.. Silva Fennica vol. 3 no. 3 article id 4803
Eklund B., (1967) Annual variation of increment in Scots pine and .. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 4 article id 4756
Jamalainen E. A., (1961) Damage by low-temperature parasitic fungi on con.. Silva Fennica vol. 0 no. 108 article id 4703
Kalliola R., (1942) Vegetation and flora in the Pyhätunturi National.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 59 article id 4579
Keltikangas M., Tiililä P. (1968) The economic sequence of silver birch (Betula pe.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 82 no. 5 article id 7178
Lähde E., (1966) Studies on the respiration rate in the different.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 81 no. 8 article id 7173
Huuri O., (1965) The effects of storage in cones on the viability.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 5 article id 7158
Heikurainen L., Seppälä K. (1965) Regionality in stand increment and its dependenc.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 4 article id 7157
Kallio T., (1965) Studies on the biology of distribution and possi.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 3 article id 7156
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1961) Experimental studies on the emergence and develo.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 75 no. 1 article id 7135
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1961) Emergence and initial development of tree seedli.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 74 no. 1 article id 7128
Kallio K., (1960) The mensurational density of a stand in estimati.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 71 no. 7 article id 7116
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1960) Snow cover and ground frost in Finnish forests Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 71 no. 5 article id 7114
Keltikangas V., (1959) Finnish feather-moss types and their position in.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 69 no. 2 article id 7490
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1959) On machines for abrading seed wings and their in.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 68 no. 4 article id 7486
Rummukainen U., (1954) Estimation of Scots pine and Norway spruce cone .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 61 no. 20 article id 7432
Kalela E. K., (1949) On the horizontal roots in Scots pine and Norway.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 57 no. 2 article id 7398
Kangas E., (1946) Drying of Norway spruce stands as forest damage .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 52 no. 5 article id 7383
Multamäki S. E., (1942) Frost injuries of Norway spruce seedlings and th.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 51 no. 1 article id 7377
Multamäki S. E., (1939) Sowing and planting of Norway spruce in drained .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 47 no. 3 article id 7343
Wuoti E., (1933) Studies on shrinkage of Norway spruce pulpwood a.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 39 no. 6 article id 7277
Hertz M., (1929) Observations on annual and daily cycles in the h.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 18 article id 7231
Tyrväinen J., (1995) Wood and fiber properties of Norway spruce and i.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 249 article id 7511
Kubin E., Kemppainen L. (1991) Effect of clearcutting of boreal spruce forest o.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 225 article id 7671
Nyyssönen A., Ojansuu R. (1982) Assessment of timber assortments, value and valu.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 179 article id 7626
Thammincha S., (1981) Climatic variation in radial growth of Scots pin.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 171 article id 7618
Kallio T., (1976) Peniophora gigantea (Fr.) Massee and wounded spr.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 149 article id 7583
Brown R. T., Mikola P. (1974) The influence of fruticose soil lichens upon the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 141 article id 7575
Kallio T., Tamminen P. (1974) Decay of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 138 article id 7572
Isomäki A., Kallio T. (1974) Consequences of injury caused by timber harvesti.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 136 article id 7570
Kallio T., (1973) Peniophora gigantea (Fr.) Massee and wounded spr.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 133 article id 7567
Seppälä K., (1969) Post-drainage growth rate of Norway spruce and S.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 93 article id 7611
Repola J., Luoranen J. et al. (2024) Biomass models for young planted Norway spruce a.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 5 article id 24031
Häggström B., Lutter R. et al. (2023) Effect of arginine-phosphate addition on early s.. Silva Fennica vol. 57 no. 2 article id 22013
Goude M., Nilsson U. et al. (2022) Comparing basal area growth models for Norway sp.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 2 article id 10707
Allen B., Dalponte M. et al. (2022) Detection of Root, Butt, and Stem Rot presence i.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 2 article id 10606
Dahlgren Lidman F., Holmström E. et al. (2021) Management of spontaneously regenerated mixed st.. Silva Fennica vol. 55 no. 4 article id 10485
Tikkinen M., Latvala T. et al. (2021) Interest in vegetatively propagated Norway spruc.. Silva Fennica vol. 55 no. 3 article id 10506
Pikkarainen L., Luoranen J. et al. (2020) Comparison of planting success in one-year-old s.. Silva Fennica vol. 54 no. 1 article id 10243
Pukkala T., Holt Hanssen K. et al. (2019) Stem taper and bark functions for Norway spruce .. Silva Fennica vol. 53 no. 3 article id 10187
Skrøppa T., Steffenrem A. (2019) Genetic variation in phenology and growth among .. Silva Fennica vol. 53 no. 1 article id 10076
Repola J., Hökkä H. et al. (2018) Models for diameter and height growth of Scots p.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 5 article id 10055
Becker H., Aosaar J. et al. (2018) Annual net nitrogen mineralization and litter fl.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 4 article id 10013
Levkoev E., Mehtätalo L. et al. (2018) Development of height growth and frost hardiness.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 3 article id 9980
Egbäck S., Karlsson B. et al. (2018) Effects of phenotypic selection on height-diamet.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 2 article id 7738
Sharma R. P., Vacek Z. et al. (2017) Modelling tree crown-to-bole diameter ratio for .. Silva Fennica vol. 51 no. 5 article id 1740
Egbäck S., Nilsson U. et al. (2017) Modeling early height growth in trials of geneti.. Silva Fennica vol. 51 no. 3 article id 5662
Luoranen J., Rikala R. (2015) Post-planting effects of early-season short-day .. Silva Fennica vol. 49 no. 1 article id 1300
Hökkä H., Mäkelä H. (2015) Post-harvest height growth of Norway spruce seed.. Silva Fennica vol. 48 no. 5 article id 1192
Saarsalmi A., Tamminen P. et al. (2014) Effects of long-term fertilisation on soil prope.. Silva Fennica vol. 48 no. 1 article id 989
Hedwall P.-O., Grip H. et al. (2013) Effects of clear-cutting and slash removal on so.. Silva Fennica vol. 47 no. 2 article id 933
Gunulf A., Mc Carthy R. et al. (2012) Control efficacy of stump treatment and influenc.. Silva Fennica vol. 46 no. 5 article id 917
Bace R., Svoboda M. et al. (2011) Density and height structure of seedlings in sub.. Silva Fennica vol. 45 no. 5 article id 87
Lamedica S., Lingua E. et al. (2011) Spatial structure in four Norway spruce stands w.. Silva Fennica vol. 45 no. 5 article id 75
Luoranen J., Rikala R. et al. (2011) Machine planting of Norway spruce by Bracke and .. Silva Fennica vol. 45 no. 3 article id 107
Luoranen J., Rikala R. (2011) Nutrient loading of Norway spruce seedlings hast.. Silva Fennica vol. 45 no. 3 article id 105
Schiessl E., Grabner M. et al. (2010) Sub-montane Norway spruce as alternative seed so.. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 4 article id 453
Uotila K., Rantala J. et al. (2010) Effect of soil preparation method on economic re.. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 3 article id 146
Laurila J., Lauhanen R. (2010) Moisture content of Norway spruce stump wood at .. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 3 article id 140
Havimo M., Rikala J. et al. (2009) Tracheid cross-sectional dimensions in Scots pin.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 4 article id 188
Zubizarreta Gerendiain A., Peltola H. et al. (2009) Growth and wood property traits in narrow crowne.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 3 article id 194
Luoranen J., Konttinen K. et al. (2009) Frost hardening and risk of a second flush in No.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 2 article id 209
Kankaanhuhta V., Saksa T. et al. (2009) Variation in the results of Norway spruce planti.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 1 article id 217
Rönnberg J., Berglund M. et al. (2007) Incidence of butt rot at final felling and at fi.. Silva Fennica vol. 41 no. 4 article id 272
Renou-Wilson F., Farrell E. P. (2007) The use of foliage and soil information for mana.. Silva Fennica vol. 41 no. 3 article id 281
Lapointe B., Bradley R. et al. (2006) Nutrient and light availability to white spruce .. Silva Fennica vol. 40 no. 3 article id 330
Sikström U., (2005) Pre-harvest soil acidification, liming or N fert.. Silva Fennica vol. 39 no. 3 article id 372
Siipilehto J., Siitonen J. (2004) Degree of previous cutting in explaining the dif.. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 4 article id 410
Lundgren C., (2004) Microfibril angle and density patterns of fertil.. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 1 article id 439
Jacobson S., (2003) Addition of stabilized wood ashes to Swedish con.. Silva Fennica vol. 37 no. 4 article id 483
Chantal M. d., Eskola L. et al. (2003) Early establishment of Pinus sylvestris and Pice.. Silva Fennica vol. 37 no. 1 article id 509
Lindén M., Vollbrecht G. (2002) Sensitivity of Picea abies to butt rot in pure s.. Silva Fennica vol. 36 no. 4 article id 519
Lindström H., (2002) Intra-tree models of juvenile wood in Norway spr.. Silva Fennica vol. 36 no. 2 article id 542
Lindström H., (2000) Intra-tree models of basic density in Norway spr.. Silva Fennica vol. 34 no. 4 article id 622
Nikkanen T., Ruotsalainen S. (2000) Variation in flowering abundance and its impact .. Silva Fennica vol. 34 no. 3 article id 626
Rönnberg J., (2000) Logging operation damage to roots of clear-felle.. Silva Fennica vol. 34 no. 1 article id 642
Jansons Ā., Matisons R. et al. (2015) Effect of initial fertilization on 34-year incre.. Silva Fennica vol. 50 no. 1 article id 1346
Avtzis D. N., Aravanopoulos F. A. (2011) Host tree and insect genetic diversity on the bo.. Silva Fennica vol. 45 no. 1 article id 37
Kiffner C., Rössiger E. et al. (2008) Probability of recent bark stripping damage by r.. Silva Fennica vol. 42 no. 1 article id 269
Helenius P., Luoranen J. et al. (2004) Effect of thawing duration and temperature on fi.. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 3 article id 421