Objectives and motivations of small-scale forest owners; theoretical modelling and qualitative assessment

Hugosson, Mårten; Ingemarson, Fredrik

Full text of this article is only available in PDF format.

Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 2 article id 430 | 2004 | Research article

Mårten Hugosson, Fredrik Ingemarson

Objectives and motivations of small-scale forest owners; theoretical modelling and qualitative assessment

Hugosson M., Ingemarson F. (2004). Objectives and motivations of small-scale forest owners; theoretical modelling and qualitative assessment. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 2 article id 430. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.430

Abstract

Forest management changes with societal change, and it has been debated if economic development in society places material objectives in a less preferable position: it is assumed this is also the case as regards forest management. The aims of this study were to propose a theoretical model for empirical studies of objectives and motivations within this field and to depict motivations and objectives of small-scale forest owners in Sweden. Comparative literature studies were undertaken and qualitative methodology was used for the empirical studies. Firstly, to depict general trends among forest owners, interviews with professional foresters were conducted. Secondly, forest owners throughout Sweden were interviewed to compare the results of the interviews with the professional foresters on the motivations and objectives of small-scale forest owners. Within the literature, there were no consistent views on the subjective grounds for owning and managing small-scale forest estates. The proposed theoretical model originated from the cultural concept. Sets of interpretive and normative qualities were seen as underlying people’s actions, and such sets were related to basic values. The ‘objectives’ were clustered into groups creating four clusters i.e. ‘motivations’. The four motivations depicted were: Conservation; Utilities; Amenities and Economic Efficiency. The empirical results highlighted that the objectives and motivations of forest-owners covered a broad field and a move towards conservation interests was indicated. The theoretical model presented here is suggested a suitable tool for both depicting the motivations and objectives of forest owners and for making future comparisons.

Keywords
forest management; small-scale forest owners; professional foresters; forest owners’ objectives; forest owners’ motivations; forest owners’ values

Author Info

Hugosson, Department of Forest Products and Markets, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7060, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden E-mail mh@nn.se
Ingemarson, Department of Forest Products and Markets, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7060, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden E-mail fredrik.ingemarson@spm.slu.se

Received 26 November 2003 Accepted 12 May 2004 Published 31 December 2004

Available at https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.430 | Download PDF

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Huuhtanen V., (1938) Forestry in the county of eastern Finland Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4538

Lappi-Seppälä M., (1938) Management of mixed forests Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4537

Ahola V. K., (1938) Inspection of regeneration of forests in mineral.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4536

Räsänen A. A., (1938) Organization of work in regional administration Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4535

Heikinheimo O., (1938) Thinning of forest stands Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4533

Koskenmaa E. J., (1938) Economy of a regional district and road network Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4532

Jokinen P., (1938) Execution of settlement in compliance to the Lan.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4531

Aaltonen V. T., (1938) Forest regeneration and soil Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4529

Saari E., (1938) Calculating the annual financial performance of .. Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4528

Tuhti R., (1938) Promotion of agriculture and forestry in Finland Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4527

Pekkala M., (1938) Greetings by Mauno Pekkala Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4526

Metsähallitus ., (1938) Professional development courses of foresters in.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 46 article id 4525

Metsänhoidon edistämiskomitea ., (1938) Promotion of private forestry in Finland Silva Fennica vol. no. 45 article id 4545

Ahola V. K., (1937) Forest management in state forests Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4520

Räsänen A. A., (1937) Personnell maintenance in forest work and floating Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4519

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Kilpiö A., (1937) Revenue and expenditure of rural municipalities Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4514

Tertti M., (1937) Regeneration felling of Norway spruce stands Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4513

Lakari O. J., (1937) Improving efficiency of the administration of st.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4510

Jutila K. T., (1937) Interaction of forestry and agriculture in the n.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4509

Pekkala M., (1937) Main points of the new legislation concerning se.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4507

Cajander A. K., (1937) Greetings of Prof. A.K. Cajander for professiona.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 42 article id 4505

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Ahola V. K., (1937) Observations on forest management work in state .. Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4502

Lehtinen I., (1937) Planning and renovation of buildings Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4501

Laitakari E., (1937) Production of good quality timber Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4500

Järvinen S., (1937) Use and accounting of funds of Metsähallitus (Fo.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4499

Vuoristo I., (1937) Quality of coniferous forests and the value of t.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4498

Simola E. J., (1937) Road units and right of way in village roads Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4497

Kotilainen M. J., (1937) Peatlands suitable for agriculture in state land.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4495

Mela A., (1937) Travelling guidelines and travel invoices in for.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4493

Simola E. J., (1937) Building and maintenance of roads Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4490

Lakari O. J., (1937) Forest management planning Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4484

Hellén E., (1937) Statistics of wages in forest work and floating Silva Fennica vol. no. 39 article id 4483

Cajander O., (1934) Distribution of fertile lands and vegetation ind.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 34 article id 4475

Hertz M., (1933) Forest devastation, its causes and prevention in.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 27 article id 4468

Tikka P. S., (1932) Objectives of forest pathology research in Finland Silva Fennica vol. no. 24 article id 4465

Cajander A. K., (1931) Research and higher education of agriculture and.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 18 article id 4459

Maatalousyliopistokomitea ., (1930) Development of higher education on agriculture a.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 16 article id 4457

Cajander A. K., (1930) Characters and meaning of forest types Silva Fennica vol. no. 15 article id 4456

Lukkala O. J., (1928) Experiences on draining of peatlands in the Stat.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 8 article id 4449

Ilvessalo Y., (1927) Methods for preparing yield tables Silva Fennica vol. no. 5 article id 4446

Ilvessalo Y., (1927) Preparation of growth and yield tables Silva Fennica vol. no. 4 article id 4441

Nygren P., (2024) Advancing the Everyone’s Right to Forest Science.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 1 article id 24016

Kanzian C., (2023) Are productivity studies in forest operations ol.. Silva Fennica vol. 57 no. 3 article id 23074

Eliasson L., (2020) Forest research and the needs of our stakeholders Silva Fennica vol. 54 no. 1 article id 10329

Hahtola K., (1967) Farm forestry and its socio-economic environment Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 84 no. 2 article id 7183

Oinonen E., (1967) Sporal regeneration of ground pine (Lycopodium c.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 83 no. 3 article id 7181

Oinonen E., (1967) The correlation between the size of Finnish brac.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 83 no. 2 article id 7180

Keltikangas M., Tiililä P. (1968) The economic sequence of silver birch (Betula pe.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 82 no. 5 article id 7178

Hårdh J. E., (1966) Trials with carbon dioxide, light and growth sub.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 81 no. 1 article id 7166

Huuri O., (1965) The effects of storage in cones on the viability.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 5 article id 7158

Högnäs B., (1966) Investigations on forest types and stand develop.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 2 article id 7155

Riihinen P., (1963) Economic models underlying forest policy program.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 75 no. 5 article id 7139

Linnamies O., (1961) The allowable cut in the State Forests of Finlan.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 74 no. 4 article id 7131

Yli-Vakkuri P., (1961) Emergence and initial development of tree seedli.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 74 no. 1 article id 7128

Kuusela K., (1960) Mensurational characteristics of cordwood stock .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 72 no. 5 article id 7122

Holopainen V., (1960) Marketing roundwood in Finland and the Scandinav.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 72 no. 4 article id 7121

Kuusela K., (1960) Variation of the site patterns and growing stock.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 72 no. 3 article id 7120

Heikurainen L., (1961) The influence of forest drainage on growth and r.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 71 no. 8 article id 7117

Kuusela K., (1959) Largest permanent allowable cut and a method for.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 71 no. 1 article id 7110

Appelroth E., (1959) Practice and science of forestry Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 70 no. 12 article id 7502

Appelroth E., (1959) Practice and science of forestry Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 70 no. 11 article id 7501

Nyyssönen A., (1959) Finnish research in the fields of forest mensura.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 70 no. 6 article id 7496

Nyyssönen A., (1959) Finnish research in the fields of forest mensura.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 70 no. 5 article id 7495

Linnamies O., (1959) The state forests of Finland and a general manag.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 68 no. 5 article id 7487

Yli-Vakkuri P., (1959) On machines for abrading seed wings and their in.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 68 no. 4 article id 7486

Kuusela K., (1959) Management and cutting budget problems in the Hi.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 67 no. 8 article id 7482

Sarasto J., (1957) Understorey vegetation and its development in dr.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 65 no. 7 article id 7470

Piha A., (1957) Forest income and capital formation of a farm Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 65 no. 6 article id 7469

Heikurainen L., (1957) Changes in depth and top width of forest ditches.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 65 no. 5 article id 7468

Heikinheimo L., Ristimäki T. (1956) Size and structure of forest and log-floating la.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 63 no. 7 article id 7460

Sirén G., (1955) The development of spruce forest on raw humus si.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 62 no. 4 article id 7453

Mantel K., (1954) Farm forest holding as an object of agriculture .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 61 no. 34 article id 7446

Hellén E., (1954) Statistics of the wages and earnings of forest w.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 61 no. 30 article id 7442

Osara N. A., (1954) Taxation of state woodlands Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 61 no. 29 article id 7441

Ilvessalo Y., (1954) Nationwide surveys of forest resources and wood .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 61 no. 21 article id 7433

MacGregor J. J., (1954) The British forest economy and policy Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 61 no. 16 article id 7428

Saari E., (1954) On forest and timber balances Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 60 no. 2 article id 7409

Aro P., (1949) Studies on saws used for forest work in Nordic a.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 57 no. 3 article id 7399

Kalela E. K., (1949) Ecological character of tree species and its rel.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 57 no. 1 article id 7397

Cajander A. K., (1949) Forest types and their significance Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 56 no. 5 article id 7396

Cajander A. K., (1949) Forest types and their significance Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 56 no. 4 article id 7395

Lihtonen V., (1948) Investigations of factors and characteristics in.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 55 no. 3 article id 7391

Ennevaara P. A., (1946) Fellings not meeting the requirements of the Pri.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 54 no. 2 article id 7388

Runeberg L., (1946) Trade in forest products between Finland and the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 54 no. 1 article id 7387

Lihtonen V., (1946) Regulation of Finnish forestry in the light of r.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 53 no. 3 article id 7386

Keltikangas V., (1945) Fertility of drained bogs and their production c.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 53 no. 1 article id 7384

Kangas E., (1946) Drying of Norway spruce stands as forest damage .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 52 no. 5 article id 7383

Linnamies O., (1944) Forest resources and condition of the forests in.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 52 no. 2 article id 7380

Harve P., (1947) Land purchases of wood manufacturing industry an.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 52 no. 1 article id 7379

Multamäki S. E., (1942) Frost injuries of Norway spruce seedlings and th.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 51 no. 1 article id 7377

Helander A. Benj., (1942) Forest and language policy in Finland in the tur.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 50 no. 20 article id 7373

Appelroth E., (1942) Requisite for periodical inventories of private .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 50 no. 12 article id 7365

Pöntynen V., (1942) Opportunities of Finnish forestry and forest ind.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 50 no. 11 article id 7364

Lappi-Seppälä M., (1940) Forestry and forest holdings of the residences o.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 49 no. 6 article id 7353

Multamäki S. E., (1939) Sowing and planting of Norway spruce in drained .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 47 no. 3 article id 7343

Kalela E. K., (1936) Studies on the development of mixed forest of No.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 44 no. 2 article id 7330

Helander A. Benj., (1936) Anton Gabriel Blomqvist and his contemporaries Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 43 no. 2 article id 7328

Pöntynen V., (1936) The demand of forest work and floating work in F.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 42 no. 9 article id 7326

Vuoristo I., (1935) Working efficiency in timber cutting and hauling.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 42 no. 5 article id 7322

Laitakari E., (1935) Studies on the influence of stand and forest sit.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 41 no. 4 article id 7317

Laitakari E., (1934) The root system of birch (Betula pubescens and B.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 41 no. 2 article id 7315

Toijala V. R., (1934) Promotion and supervision of private forestry in.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 40 no. 35 article id 7312

Multamäki S. E., (1934) Changing of dimensions and form of forest ditche.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 40 no. 34 article id 7311

Vuoristo I., (1934) Felling and hauling wages that correspond the ac.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 40 no. 29 article id 7306

Aaltonen V. T., (1934) The development of a forest stand and the growth.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 40 no. 21 article id 7298

Ilvessalo Y., (1934) The mutual relation between the occurrence of fo.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 40 no. 11 article id 7288

Pesola V. A., (1934) Forest vegetation on the moisture areas of North.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 40 no. 5 article id 7282

Hyyppä E., (1933) The climate and forests in the late glacial time.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 39 no. 4 article id 7275

Lassila I., (1930) Studies on efficiency of labour in forest work Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 36 no. 2 article id 7260

Hagfors E. A. M., (1929) On the economic objectives of the commercial use.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 35 no. 3 article id 7258

Lönnroth E., (1929) Theoretical observations on volume growth and dr.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 32 article id 7245

Kokkonen P., (1929) Observations on the relationship between groundw.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 29 article id 7242

Oppermann A., (1929) Danish forest legislation and its history Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 24 article id 7237

Valle K. J., (1929) Can the seas in southern Finland be classified a.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 23 article id 7236

Teikmanis Andr., (1929) Forests and timber exports of Latvia Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 22 article id 7235

Lukkala O. J., (1929) The thickness of peat bed and gradients of peatl.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 16 article id 7229

Fehér D., (1929) Biology of forest soil and its physiological mea.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 14 article id 7227

Harshberger J. W., (1929) The forests of the Pacific coasts of British Col.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 5 article id 7218

Ilvessalo L., (1926) Forest research work in Finland : the origins an.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 31 no. 2 article id 7201

Ilvessalo L., (1926) Forest research in Finland: the origins and deve.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 31 no. 1 article id 7200

Ilvessalo Y., (1923) Paper on the correlation between the characteris.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 25 no. 10 article id 7085

Aaltonen V. T., (1923) On the spatial order of plants on fields and in .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 25 no. 6 article id 7081

Cajander A. K., (1923) On the division of fertile soils in Finland and .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 25 no. 3 article id 7078

Cajander A. K., (1923) On the relation between forest growth and timber.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 25 no. 2 article id 7077

Cajander A. K., (1923) Overview of Finland’s forests and geography Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 25 no. 1 article id 7076

Pekkala M., (1921) Taxation and partitioning of land in counties of.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 21 no. 5 article id 7069

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Cajander A. K., (1921) The mutual relationship between the climate, the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 21 no. 1 article id 7065

Kujala V., (1921) Observations of forest and peatland site types i.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 18 no. 5 article id 7057

Ilvessalo Y., (1920) Growth and yield tables for the Scots pine, Norw.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 15 no. 4 article id 7042

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Ilvessalo Y., (1920) The relation of the productive capacity of fores.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 15 no. 2 article id 7040

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Boman A., (1920) Statistical studies on landholding of companies .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 13 no. 2 article id 7033

Lakari O. J., (1919) Proposal to prepare growth and yield tables for .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 12 no. 4 article id 7031

Saalas U., (1919) Bark beetles and insect damages in Finnish forest Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 10 no. 1 article id 7088

Multamäki S. E., (1919) Studies on state of forests in Savo and Karelia Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 9 no. 2 article id 7020

Lukkala O. J., (1919) Studies on distribution of fertile lands in Savo.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 9 no. 1 article id 7019

Heikinheimo O., (1917) Effects of forest devastation and shifting culti.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 8 no. 3 article id 7018

Ilvessalo Y., (1916) The growth of the dominant trees in Scots pine f.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 6 no. 1 article id 7012

Kareinen T., Nissinen A. et al. (1998) Analysis of forest soil chemistry and hydrology .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 262 article id 7522

Varjo J., (1997) Change detection and controlling forest informat.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 258 article id 7524

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Pesonen M., (1995) Non-industrial private forest landowners’ choice.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 247 article id 7509

Kubin E., Kemppainen L. (1994) Effect of soil preparation of boreal spruce fore.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 244 article id 7506

Ovaskainen V., (1992) Forest taxation, timber supply, and economic eff.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 233 article id 7679

Kubin E., Kemppainen L. (1991) Effect of clearcutting of boreal spruce forest o.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 225 article id 7671

Kuusela K., Salminen S. (1991) Forest resources of Finland in 1977–1984 and the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 220 article id 7666

Peng S., (1987) On the combination of multitemporal satellite an.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 200 article id 7647

Leikola M., (1987) Academic dissertations and doctors in forestry s.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 199 article id 7646

Oker-Blom P., (1986) Photosynthetic radiation regime and canopy struc.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 197 article id 7643

Vehkamäki S., (1986) The economic basis of forest policy: a study on .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 194 article id 7640

Westman C. J., (1983) Physical and physio-chemical properties of fores.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 184 article id 7631

Turakka A., Luukkanen O. et al. (1982) Notes on Pinus kesiya and P. merkusii and their .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 178 article id 7625

Leikola M., (1981) Structure and development of publishing activity.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 175 article id 7622

Wuolijoki E., (1981) Effects of simulated tractor vibration on the ps.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 168 article id 7615

Juslin H., (1977) Influencing private forest owners’ attitudes tow.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 157 article id 7591

Sarvas J., (1977) Mathematical model for the physiological clock a.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 156 article id 7590

Söyrinki N., Salmela R. et al. (1977) The forest and mire vegetation of the Oulanka Na.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 154 article id 7588

Ilvessalo Y., Ilvessalo M. (1975) The forest types of Finland in the light of natu.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 144 article id 7578

Kilkki P., Pökälä R. (1975) A long-term timber production model and its appl.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 143 article id 7577

Brown R. T., Mikola P. (1974) The influence of fruticose soil lichens upon the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 141 article id 7575

Vesikallio H., (1974) Regional cooperation in farm forests in Finland... Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 135 article id 7569

Heikurainen L., Seppälä K. (1973) Regional variation and continuity of stand growt.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 132 article id 7566

Hahtola K., (1973) The rationale of decision-making by forest owners Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 130 article id 7564

Palo M., (1972) Competition among tractor-digger contractors and.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 126 article id 7560

Kilkki P., (1971) Optimization of stand treatment based on the mar.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 122 article id 7556

Keltikangas M., (1971) Time factor and investment calculations in timbe.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 120 article id 7554

Ahonen L., (1971) Discount value and time sequence of fellings Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 119 article id 7553

Riihinen P., (1970) The forest owner and his attitudes toward forest.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 109 article id 7543

Ilvessalo Y., (1970) Natural development and yield capacity of forest.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 108 article id 7542

Oinonen E., (1969) The time table of vegetative spreading of the li.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 97 article id 7607

Makkonen O., (1969) Ancient forestry : A historical study. Part II, .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 95 article id 7603

Alho P., (1968) Utilization of forests in north Ostrobothnia and.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 89 article id 7189

Oinonen E., (1968) The size of Lycopodium clavatum and L. Annotinum.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 87 article id 7187

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Kemppainen K., Kärhä K. et al. (2024) Evaluation of the productivity and costs of exca.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 5 article id 24047

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Zhang S., Korhonen L. et al. (2024) How to implement the data collection of leaf are.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 5 article id 24044

Domisch T., Huuskonen S. et al. (2024) Interactive effects of moose browsing and stand .. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 4 article id 23077

Silvennoinen H., Pikkarainen L. et al. (2024) Consistency of video and photo surveys in measur.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 3 article id 23030

Niemistö P., Korpunen H. et al. (2024) Harvesting efficiency and understory damage with.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 2 article id 23065

Pikkarainen L., Strandman H. et al. (2024) Effects of forest conservation and management on.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 2 article id 23045

Xiong H., Pang Y. et al. (2024) Forest stand delineation using airborne LiDAR an.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 2 article id 23014

Semberg T., Nilsson A. et al. (2024) Real-time target point identification and automa.. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 1 article id 23062

Jetsonen J., Laurén A. et al. (2024) Effects of nitrogen fertilization on the ground .. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 1 article id 23058

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Vauhkonen J., Matala J. et al. (2023) Future browsing damage in seedling stands accord.. Silva Fennica vol. 57 no. 2 article id 23012

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Jåstad E. O., Nagel N. O. et al. (2023) The location and capacity-dependent price impact.. Silva Fennica vol. 57 no. 1 article id 23001

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Lindroos A.-J., Ilvesniemi H. (2023) Weathering rates of Ca and Mg related to graniti.. Silva Fennica vol. 57 no. 1 article id 10648

Anttila P., Ojala J. et al. (2023) The effect of road characteristics on timber tru.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 4 article id 10798

Mäkinen H., Nöjd P. et al. (2022) Recent unexpected decline of forest growth in No.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 4 article id 10769

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Ring E., Johansson F. et al. (2022) A snapshot of forest buffers near streams, ditch.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 4 article id 10676

Gustafsson Å., Johansson J. (2022) Identifying present drivers of product developme.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 3 article id 10660

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Melin M., Ylioja T. et al. (2021) Emergence levels of pine shoot beetles from roun.. Silva Fennica vol. 55 no. 5 article id 10525

Luoranen J., Viiri H. (2021) Comparison of the planting success and risks of .. Silva Fennica vol. 55 no. 4 article id 10528

Dahlgren Lidman F., Holmström E. et al. (2021) Management of spontaneously regenerated mixed st.. Silva Fennica vol. 55 no. 4 article id 10485

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Heinonen T., Pukkala T. (2004) A comparison of one- and two-compartment neighbo.. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 3 article id 419

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Lindén M., Vollbrecht G. (2002) Sensitivity of Picea abies to butt rot in pure s.. Silva Fennica vol. 36 no. 4 article id 519

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Wallenius T., (2002) Forest age distribution and traces of past fires.. Silva Fennica vol. 36 no. 1 article id 558

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Rohner M., Böswald K. (2001) Forestry development scenarios: timber productio.. Silva Fennica vol. 35 no. 3 article id 585

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Leskinen P., Kangas J. (2001) Modelling future timber price development by usi.. Silva Fennica vol. 35 no. 1 article id 606

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