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Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 | 1967

Category : Article

article id 4750, category Article
Max. Hagman. (1967). Havupuiden viljely. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4750. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14460
English title: Book review: A fenyök termesztése.
Keywords: book review
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

This article is a book review of a book ’A fenyök termesztése’ (havupuiden viljely) by Béla Kesesztesi.

  • Hagman, E-mail: mh@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4749, category Article
Max. Hagman. (1967). Metsäpuitten resistenssijalostus. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4749. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14459
English title: Book review: Breeding Pest-Resistant Trees.
Keywords: book review
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

This article is a book review of a book ’Breeding Pest-Resistant Trees’, Proceedings of a NATO and NSF Advanced Study Instituten on Genetic Improvement for Disease and Insect Resistance of Forest Trees.

  • Hagman, E-mail: mh@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4748, category Article
Lalli Laine. (1967). Puun lahottajasienten biologia. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4748. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14458
English title: Book review: Biologie holzzerstörender Pilze.
Keywords: book review
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

This article is a book review of a book ’Biologie holzzerstörender Pilze’ written by Vladimir Rypáček.

  • Laine, E-mail: ll@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4747, category Article
Veijo Heiskanen. (1967). Metsänkäytön perusteet. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4747. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14457
English title: Book review: Grundriss der Forstbenuzung. Entstehung, Eigenschaften, Verwertung und Verwendung des Holzes und anderer Forstprodukte.
Keywords: book review
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

This article is a book review of a textbook ’Grundriss der Forstbenuzung. Entstehung, Eigenschaften, Verwertung und Verwendung des Holzes und anderer Forstprodukte’ by Volfgang Knigge and Horst Schulz.

  • Heiskanen, E-mail: vh@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4746, category Article
Kari Löyttyniemi. (1967). Tikaskuoriaisesta (Trypodendron lineatum Oliv., Col., Scolytidae) kuorellisen havupuutavaran pilaajana. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4746. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14456
English title: Damages caused to timber with bark by spruce ambrosia beetle (Trypodendron lineatum) in Finland.
Original keywords: hakkuut; puutavara; hyönteistuhot; hyönteiset; kaarnakuoriaiset; havutikaskuoriainen; varastointi; puutavarapinot
English keywords: bark beetles; roundwood; fellings; insect damage; spruce ambrosia beetle; Trypodendron lineatum; forest depot
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

The paper studied the effect of felling time and conditions in the forest depot of timber to damages caused by spruce ambrosia beetle (Trypodendron lineatum Oliv.) to coniferous timber with bark, both experimentally and observing forest depots in Finland. Effects of fellings was studied by studying the abundance of the beetles in logging residue.

The results show that the spruce ambrosia beetles favour timber felled during the late autumn and winter, stored in a shaded place in the forest. In addition, new spruce stumps maintain and increase the beetle population. Fellings in the forest will increase population during the next year and cause damages in forest depot of timber nearby, because the insect breeds in the stumps. The experiments showed that it is possible to diminish the damages caused by the beetle to timber with bark by spraying with insecticides, and timing the fellings and transport of timber so that there is no timber in the forest in the spring during the time when the insect swarms.

The PDF includes a summary in German.

  • Löyttyniemi, E-mail: kl@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4745, category Article
Ilmari Schalin. (1967). Microfungi in the humus layer of pine, spruce and birch stands in southern Finland. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4745. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14455
Keywords: Pinus sylvestris; Betula; Picea abies; forest soil; humus; fungi; microfungi; yeast
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

This study elucidates the composition of the microfungal populations of the humus layer of tree forest types – Vaccinium type with Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Myrtillus type with Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and Oxalis-Myrtillus type with birch (Betula sp.). The results indicate that the microfungi encountered in these sites bear close resemblances. The number of species increased but little towards the more fertile sites from VT to OMT. The main difference was limited to the quantitative relationships between the species.

The microfungal density in the humus layer was greatest in VT, and only slightly less in MT and OMT, in this order. In all the sampling areas, occurrence of the microfungi reached a maximum in the middle of summer, at a time when the maximum temperatures were registered in the humus. The quantitative abundance during the early autumn bears a relation to the yield of litter.

The microfungi most commonly encountered in all sampling areas were those of rapid growth, Mucor, Morierella and Penicillium species, along with Trichoderma, a little slower in growth, and actively decomposing cellulose. Mucor fungi, favouring moisture, were most abundant in the early summer and in the autumn. The Mortierella and Penicillium species, which survive dryness, were most abundant in the middle of the summer. The former is twice as common in MT and OMT than in VT, and the latter twice as common in VT as in OMT.

Scopulariopsis and Verticillium species were found regularly in MT and OMT. One Acremonium species was found almost exclusively in VT, and some Aspergillus and Mycogene in OMT alone. Sterilia mycelia was relatively abundant in MT and OMT in particular. Different kinds of yeast fungi were encountered generally in MT and OMT.

The PDF includes a summary in Finnish.

  • Schalin, E-mail: is@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4744, category Article
Pekka Tiililä. (1967). Tutkimuksia eräiden ulkomaisten puulajien siemensadon laadusta Suomessa. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4744. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14454
English title: Studies on the quality of seed yields in some foreign tree species in Finland.
Original keywords: siementuotanto; ulkomaiset puulajit; siementen laatu; siemensato; tuleentuminen
English keywords: exotic tree species; seed production; seed quality; foreign tree species; ripening
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

The aim of this present study was to elucidate the quality of seed of foreign tree species grown in Finland, and the factors which have affected the quality of the seed yields. Due to the smallness of the material, however, no far-fetching conclusions can be drawn. The bulk of the seeds were collected in the fall of 1964. The samples of seeds were X-rayed and their classification to empty seeds and full seeds of four quality classes was done on the basis of the anatomical structures. The species studied (a total of 34 species) belonged to the following genera: Abies, Chamaecyparis, Larix, Picea, Pinus, Pseudotsuga, Thuja and Tsuga.

The percentage of empty seeds was throughout quite high. The reasons for the generation of empty seeds probably originate from the special nature of the stands from which the seeds were collected. As a rule, the stands were young and small in area, which may have caused weak pollination and self-pollination leading to embryo mortality. Also, insect damages were observed.

Seeds with albumen still discernible, although the embryo had died, occurred to some extent. In some Larix species, even the bulk of the seeds recorded as full belonged in this group.

The ripening of seeds with embryos was quite successful in spite of the fact that the temperature sum of the year of ripening was slightly below the average in Finland. For instance, all Abies species ripened almost completely.

According to the results, it can be expected that the tree species examined in this study are able to produce rich yields of good-quality seed in Finland, provided that the ovules are well pollinated and self-pollination does not take place to a large extent.

The PDF includes a summary in English.

  • Tiililä, E-mail: pt@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4743, category Article
Olli Makkonen. (1967). Metsämaaston luokittelun yhtenäistämispyrkimyksistä. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4743. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14453
English title: Attempts to unify the classification of forest terrain.
Original keywords: metsätyö; kokoukset; maastoluokitus; maasto
English keywords: forest work; meetings; classification of forest terrain
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

The article is a report from the meeting of the Section 32 of the IUFRO in Canada on September 15.–25. 1964, which three Finnish forestry experts participated. The theme of the meeting was classification of forest terrain.

The PDF includes a summary in English.

  • Makkonen, E-mail: om@mm.unknown (email)
article id 4742, category Article
Erkki Laitakari. (1967). Akateemikko V. Sukatšev in memoriam. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 2 article id 4742. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14452
English title: Academic V. Sukatšev in memoriam.
Original keywords: nekrologit
English keywords: necrology
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

The paper is necrology of the known Russian botanist and scientist V. Sukatšev (1881 –1967), who was in Finland well-known for his interest in the forest type theory and his work on plant communities. He published books, for example, on dendrology and the doctrine of plant communities.

  • Laitakari, E-mail: el@mm.unknown (email)

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