Select issue
Silva Fennica 1926-1997
Acta Forestalia Fennica
+
1992-1999
+
1984-1991
+
1974-1983
+
1968-1973
+
1953-1968
+
1933-1952
+
1913-1932
Articles by Kalle Kemppainen
Category : Research article
article id 25004,
category
Research article
Kalle Kemppainen,
Kalle Kärhä,
Juha Laitila,
Antti Sairanen,
Ville Kankaanhuhta,
Heli Viiri,
Heli Peltola.
(2025).
Evaluation of the productivity and costs of excavator-based mechanized tree planting in Finland based on automated data collection.
Silva Fennica
vol.
59
no.
1
article id 25004.
https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.25004
Keywords:
site preparation;
cost-efficiency;
mechanization;
forest regeneration;
planting machine;
site selection
Highlights:
With proper site selection and competent machine operators, it is possible to achieve a higher productivity than 200 seedlings per operating hour in excavator-based mechanized planting; The hectare-based regeneration costs from excavator-based mechanized planting can be 3% lower than those of conventional manual planting chains; The most cost-efficient planting chain was a continuously advancing mounder combined with manual planting.
Abstract |
Full text in HTML
|
Full text in PDF |
Author Info
The poor cost-effectiveness of mechanized planting (MECP) is the main reason for the low mechanization rate of planting. In this study, we investigated the productivity of the mechanized excavator-based planting of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] H. Karst.) seedlings based on data collected by the Risutec Asta documentation system. We also compared the costs of a MECP chain with two different manual planting (MAP) chains, where mounding was carried out by a crawler excavator (EXC) or a continuously advancing mounder (CONT). The MECP of seedlings was carried out using an EXC equipped with a Risutec PM-160 planting device. Generally, the nine study sites in western Finland contained few surface obstacles (e.g., the logging residues had mainly been harvested), which made the conditions very suitable for MECP. The average production time taken by the MECP was 9 h ha–1. The operating hour (G15-h) productivity averaged 215 seedlings G15-h−1, with the mean planting time being 13.8 s seedling−1. Loading 160 seedlings into the seedling cassette took approximately 10 min (3.8 s seedling−1). Overall, the cost of the MECP was about 3% lower than for the EXC + MAP. However, when productivity was set at <210 seedlings G15-h−1, the cost of the MECP was higher than that of the EXC + MAP. Based on our findings, the most cost-efficient planting chain was CONT + MAP. However, based on our results, the required level of productivity can be achieved if the sites are suitable for MECP and the machine operators are skilled.
-
Kemppainen,
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistokatu 6, FI-80100 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6184-8812
E-mail:
kalle.kemppainen@uef.fi
- Kärhä, School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland E-mail: kalle.karha@uef.fi
-
Laitila,
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistokatu 6, FI-80100 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-3319
E-mail:
juha.laitila@luke.fi
-
Sairanen,
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8632-3797
E-mail:
anttsair@student.uef.fi
-
Kankaanhuhta,
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistokatu 6, FI-80100 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5785-5972
E-mail:
ville.kankaanhuhta@luke.fi
-
Viiri,
UPM-Kymmene Plc, UPM Forest, Peltokatu 26 C 4, FI-33100 Tampere, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3952-9481
E-mail:
heli.viiri@upm.com
-
Peltola,
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-9153
E-mail:
heli.peltola@uef.fi
article id 24047,
category
Research article
Kalle Kemppainen,
Kalle Kärhä,
Juha Laitila,
Antti Sairanen,
Ville Kankaanhuhta,
Heli Viiri,
Heli Peltola.
(2024).
RETRACTED: Evaluation of the productivity and costs of excavator-based mechanized tree planting in Finland based on automated data collection.
Silva Fennica
vol.
58
no.
5
article id 24047.
https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.24047
Keywords:
site preparation;
cost-efficiency;
mechanization;
forest regeneration;
planting machine;
site selection
Highlights:
With proper site selection and competent machine operators, it is possible to achieve a higher productivity than 200 seedlings per operating hour in excavator-based mechanized planting; The hectare-based regeneration costs from excavator-based mechanized planting can be 5% lower than those of conventional manual planting chains; The most cost-efficient planting chain was a continuously advancing mounder combined with manual planting.
Abstract |
Full text in HTML
|
Full text in PDF |
Author Info
The poor cost-effectiveness of mechanized planting (MECP) is the main reason for the low mechanization rate of planting. In this study, we investigated the productivity of the mechanized excavator-based planting of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] H. Karst.) seedlings based on data collected by the Risutec Asta documentation system. We also compared the costs of a MECP chain with two different manual planting (MAP) chains, where mounding was carried out by a crawler excavator (EXC) or a continuously advancing mounder (CONT). The MECP of seedlings was carried out using an EXC equipped with a Risutec PM-160 planting device. Generally, the nine study sites in western Finland contained few surface obstacles (e.g., the logging residues had mainly been harvested), which made the conditions very suitable for MECP. The average production time taken by the MECP was 9 h ha-1. The operating hour (G15-h) productivity averaged 215 seedlings G15-h-1 , with the mean planting time being 13.8 s seedling-1. Loading 160 seedlings into the seedling cassette took approximately 10 min (3.8 s seedling-1). Overall, the cost of the MECP was about 5% lower than for the EXC + MAP. However, when productivity was set at <200 seedlings G15-h-1 , the cost of the MECP was higher than that of the EXC + MAP. Based on our findings, the most cost-efficient planting chain was CONT + MAP. However, based on our results, the required level of productivity can be achieved if the sites are suitable for MECP and the machine operators are skilled.
-
Kemppainen,
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistokatu 6, FI-80100 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6184-8812
E-mail:
kalle.kemppainen@uef.fi
-
Kärhä,
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8455-2974
E-mail:
kalle.karha@uef.fi
-
Laitila,
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistokatu 6, FI-80100 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-3319
E-mail:
juha.laitila@luke.fi
-
Sairanen,
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8632-3797
E-mail:
anttsair@student.uef.fi
-
Kankaanhuhta,
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Yliopistokatu 6, FI-80100 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5785-5972
E-mail:
ville.kankaanhuhta@luke.fi
-
Viiri,
UPM-Kymmene Plc, UPM Forest, Peltokatu 26 C 4, FI-33100 Tampere, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3952-9481
E-mail:
heli.viiri@upm.com
-
Peltola,
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland (UEF), P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-9153
E-mail:
heli.peltola@uef.fi
Click this link to register to Silva Fennica.
If you are a registered user, log in to save your selected articles for later access.
Your selected articles
Silva Fennica ·
Finnish Society of Forest Science
