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Articles containing the keyword 'lana'

Category : Article

article id 5380, category Article
Arto Rummukainen. (1989). Moreenimurskeella pinnoitettujen metsäteiden kunnossapito maataloustraktorikalustolla. Silva Fennica vol. 23 no. 2 article id 5380. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a15537
English title: Maintenance of crushed moraine paved forest roads with agricultural tractor implements.
Original keywords: metsätiet; kunnossapito; maataloustraktori; moreenimursketiet; hydraulinen tärytin; lana
English keywords: maintenance; forest roads; tractors; implements; grain-size distribution; vibrating blade; pulled drag
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

The condition of forest road pavements was studied in spring, one week after maintenance and in autumn. The effect of vibrating blade was slightly better than that of pulled drag. Large loose stones couldn’t be pressed into pavement with either of the implements. The use of the vibrating blade was three times as expensive as the use of the pulled drag, however, the blade is suitable for other purposes as well.

The PDF includes an abstract in Finnish.

  • Rummukainen, E-mail: ar@mm.unknown (email)

Category : Article

article id 7181, category Article
Eino Oinonen. (1967). Keltalieon (Lycopodium complanatum L.) itiöllinen uudistuminen Etelä-Suomessa kloonien laajuutta ja ikää koskevan tutkimuksen valossa. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 83 no. 3 article id 7181. https://doi.org/10.14214/aff.7181
English title: Sporal regeneration of ground pine (Lycopodium complanatum L.) in Southern Finland in the light of the dimensions and the age of its clones.
Keywords: regeneration; forest fire; Pteridium aquilinum; bracken fern; ground pine; Lycopodium complanatum; Diphasiastrum complanatum; sporal regeneration
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

In an earlier paper of the author it was established that sporal regeneration of bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn.) is almost entirely connected with fire, and that the size of the bracken fern clones, distinguished by their characteristics, was related to the time of the fire. In previous studies has been found that also sporal regeneration of ground pine (Lycopodium complanatum L., now Diphasiastrum complanatum) is rare. The occurrence of several plant species were studied in relation to bracken fern in the earlier investigation. This paper reports findings concerning ground pine.

When the size-age problem of bracken fern was solved, parallel measurements of ground pine stand on the same site led to the solution of the size-age problem and sporal regeneration of ground pine. The linkage is also valid when the size of ground pine stands was compared to the dates of fires. The ground pine stands are very long-lasting. The stands are fragmented more easily than bracken fern by environmental factors, such as fires, and tend to form large patch clusters with time. Large individual stands reveal the rarity of sporal regeneration of ground pine. The resemblance with bracken fern clones indicate a common factor of regeneration, fire, and a very even spreading rate. Though considerable variation of the colour and structure of ground pine was observed, the circular stands were identical patch by patch.

The PDF includes a summary in English.

  • Oinonen, E-mail: eo@mm.unknown (email)
article id 7187, category Article
Eino Oinonen. (1968). Lycopodium clavatum L.- ja L. annotium L.-kasvustojen laajuus rinnastettuna samanpaikkaisiin L. complanatum L.- ja Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn -esiintymiin sekä puuston ikään ja paloaikoihin. Acta Forestalia Fennica no. 87 article id 7187. https://doi.org/10.14214/aff.7187
English title: The size of Lycopodium clavatum and L. Annotinum stands as compared to that of L. Complanatum and Pteridium aquilinum stands, the age of the stand and the dates of fire, on the site.
Original keywords: metsäpalo; uudistuminen; kloonit; katinlieko; riidenlieko; lisääntyminen
English keywords: regeneration; forest fire; clones; Pteridium aquilinum; Lycopodium complanatum; Lycopodium clavatum; Lycopodium annotium
Abstract | View details | Full text in PDF | Author Info

The present study is a part of larger project into the size and age of certain forest plants. This study seeks to confirm the size-age relationship of Lycopodium clavatum L. and L. annotium L. stands, and the time of sporal regeneration. The stand dimensions were plotted against the size of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn) and ground pine (Lycopodium complanatum L.) stands growing on the same site, and against the age of the timber and the time of fire on the site.

The method based on parallel measurements carried out in burned forests has proved to be suitable for establishing the rate of spreading of stands and their age. The three club-moss species proved to be much alike in their sporal regeneration. They, as well as bracken, regenerate under the condition created by fire. The largest detached patches are often clones. Both Lycopodium clavatum and L. annotium survive fire poorly. Thus, the maximum size of the clones is usually connected with the last forest fire. Pieces of the shoots may survive the fires.

Sporal regeneration of these species also occur without the aid of fire. As also variation in the annual growth of the shoots can be considerable, the stand size of these species is not as good indicator of the date of fire as with Pteridium aquilinum and L. complanatum. The winding appearance of the shoots increases the error in determination of stand age by the stand size further.

The results emphasize the importance of taking into account the time and spread of the plants in the traditional vegetation analysis. A central question is: what is an individual.

The PDF includes a summary in English.

  • Oinonen, E-mail: eo@mm.unknown (email)

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